The Indus valley tribes

The Indus valley tribes of peoples also have one of the remaining mysteries of the world today- an untranslatable written language. The art of the bronze and Stone Age is detailed and sophisticated for this time period. The Dancing Girl and other sculptures appear to be very close to scale. That has not been typical of ancient art in other cultures. When the Aryans invaded, the population of the region changed dramatically from dark-skinned to lighter-skinned peoples and introduced a new language that is now the classic language of India. The Aryans also had an effect on the social class divisions. From the untouchables, the people with the lowliest jobs, up to the priests and scholars- the most highly regarded professions in the society. This caste system was strict and very hard on the lower classes. Two of India’s greatest stories, the Mahabharata and the Ramayana, come from inner conflict within the Aryans. Both epic accounts are as equally valued in this society as the Iliad and the Odyssey are in Hellenic cultures. The Vedas, to the ancient civilizations of the Indus Valley, was a combination of songbook, prayer book, religious guide, and astronomy text. It also was a book about the gods. Namely the sky, fire, and sun gods, as they are the most important. Hinduism, one of the oldest religions in the world, comes from the Indus Valley. There are some theories to explain how the Indus Valley Civilization ended. One theory is by the first excavators, which is that because the Indus Valley Civilization was not warlike society, it was ended by the Aryan invasion. There is no perfect proof to show it really happened but excavators found Jewries left as they were hidden from somebody, skeletons with no head-part, dead bodies in one place as they were hiding and so on. Other theories were by later excavators. One is that flooding caused disappearance of Indus Civilization. Flooding put the end to their agriculture and because their living was depended on agriculture, the Civilization was ended. Another theory is that because the Indus Valley Civilization was growing and population was growing, they needed more bricks to build houses. To make bricks, they needed more woods and they cut down too much trees and they could no longer support their needs. Whatever the reason of the disappearance was, culture in the Indus Valley Civilization was changed. The reason of the culture change could be new people came in or change of peoples thought had changed. Excavators found out that bricks made before the disappearance and after the disappearance was very different. The quality of bricks got worse after the disappearance. Another thing was that before the disappearance, people used to be buried but after, dead bodies were cremated. Because of these factors, it might be the change of the people who lived there.

Indus Valley Civilisation

Indus Valley Civilisation is the world’s oldest civilisation.The ruins of two ancient cities, Harappa and Mohenjo-Daro (both in modern-day Pakistan), and the remnants of many other settlements, have revealed great clues to this mystery. Harappa was, in fact, such a rich discovery that the Indus Valley Civilization is also called the Harappan civilization.

The first artifact uncovered in Harappa was a unique stone seal carved with a unicorn and an inscription. Similar seals with different animal symbols and writings have since been found throughout the region. Although the writing has not yet been deciphered, the evidence suggests they belonged to the same language system. Apparently, Mesopotamia's cuneiform system had some competition in the race for the world's first script.No doubt, these cities were engineering masterpieces of their time. The remains of their walls yield clues about the culture that thrived in the Indus Valley. Clay figurines of goddesses, for example, are proof that religion was important. Toys and games show that even in 3000 B.C.E., kids — and maybe even adults — liked to play. Pottery, textiles, and beads are evidence of skilled craftsmanship and thriving trade.